Pem fuel cells thermal and water management fundamentals pdf

Pem fuel cells by yun wang overdrive rakuten overdrive. Chapter 8 modeling of pem fuel cell stacks with hydraulic. Thus, pem fuel cells hold great promise to reduce both pollutant emissions and dependency on fossil fuels, especially for transportationpassenger cars, utility vehicles, and busesand smallscale stationary and portable power generators. The experimental analysis shows the great potential of improving the system performance by proper thermal management. Download pdf pemfuelcellsthermalandwatermanagement. The gas diffusion layer gdl plays an important role in water management since humidification and water removal are both achieved through the gdl.

The pem fuel cell has many advantages to the current internal combustion engine. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading pem. Development of thermal and water management system for. Each type of fuel cell can work reliably in a specific range of temperature 1. Barbirs groundbreaking book still lays the groundwork for engineers, technicians and students better than any other resource, covering fundamentals of design, electrochemistry, heat and mass transport, as well as providing the context of system. When operated on hydrogen, the pem fuel cell is a zero. Thus, pem fuel cells hold great promise to reduce both pollutant emissions and dependency on. Frano barbir pem fuel cells theory and practice world of. In this paper a nonisothermal, singledomain and twodimensional computational fluid dynamics model is presented to investigate heat and water transfer in a pem fuel cell.

Pem fuel cell, air cooling, numerical simulation, temperature map. Pdf water management in pem fuel cells researchgate. Fuel cell catalyst behavior between room temperature. Undersaturated reactant gases pick up the liquid water in the flow channels.

Chen, effect of spatiallyvarying gdl properties and land compression on water distribution in pem fuel cells, j. Polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells, which convert the chemical. The water removal rate and the ratio of liquid and gaseous water depend upon. Thermal and water management fundamentals kindle edition by wang, yun, chen, ken s download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Abstract polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen directly into electrical energy. Significant technical challenges exist for pemfc technology before it can be commercialized. A technical note of pem fuel cell water management longdom. In addition, the program supports fuel cells for material. Fundamental issues that are key to fuel cell design, operational control, and material development, such as water and thermal management, dynamic.

Pdf water and thermal management in a pem fuel cella. Thermodynamic optimization of pem fuel cell internal structure. The fuel cells subprogram is also pursuing polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells as replacements for internal combustion engines ices in lightduty vehicles to increase vehicle efficiency and support the goals of reducing oil use in and emissions from the transportation sector. Development of a thermal and water management system for pem. Thermal management of aircooled fuel cells is however a major challenge. Water and thermal management in pemfcs influencing. At the anode side it is catalytically split into protons and electrons. Analyze and select the most efficient twm system for a pressurized 80kw fuel cell fc power system. Materials, technological status, and fundamentals of pem. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell pemfc will become one of the alternative energy. Since it is not limited by the carnot cycle, it can achieve much higher efficiencies than a combustion cycle 1. Fuel cell vehicle and hydrogen state of art and challenges pem fuel cell modeling the air, thermal, and water management problems hydrogen production technologies hydrogen distribution infrastructure hydrogen storage.

Summary polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells hold great promise as a potential alternative to. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell transforms the chemical energy liberated during the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to electrical energy, as opposed to the direct combustion of hydrogen and oxygen gases to produce thermal energy a stream of hydrogen is delivered to the anode side of the mea. Introduction suitable thermal management is one of the most important issues in designing an efficient fuel cell. Performance improvement by temperature control of an open. Proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells operated with hydrogen and air offer. Polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells convert chemical energy in hydrogen into electrical energy with water as the only byproduct. Most published literature targeting cold start in proton exchange membrane pem. Fuel cells are customarily classified according to the electrolyte employed. Introduction for the past 20 years astonishing progress in terms of pem fuel cell materials, component design, production, and system power. Water can be removed from a pem fuel cell is through the reactant streams. Proper water and heat management are essential for obtaining highpowerdensity performance at high energy efficiency for protonexchangemembrane fuel cells. Development of a thermal and water management system.

Aircooled proton exchange membrane fuel cells pemfcs, having combined air cooling and oxidant supply channels, offer signi. Water management science tehnologicalchallenges in fuel cell development heat transfer e cell and stack design e system design e. The objective of this work is to assess and develop thermal and water management twm technologies for polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells in transportation applications. Wang, exsitu and modeling study of twophase flow in a single channel of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, journal. Vernon cole at a doe fuel cell meeting in february 2007. Numerical investigation of the coupled water and thermal. The pem fuel cell is also environmentally friendly.

Pem fuel cell that actively managed the water content of the electrolyte by supplying pressurized water to wicks that were integrated into the membrane. Among them, the proper thermal management has been recognized as one of the most critical technical issues that must be resolved. The parameters describing the nonequilibrium kinetics of the membrane catalyst interface are found to be fundamental to accurate fuel cell modeling. Water management is a very difficult subject in pem systems, primarily because. Thermal and water management fundamentals english edition. Advanced modeling, material selection, testing, and design optimization subject this presentation, which focuses on water transport in pem fuel cells, was given by cfdrcs j. The air supplied to the pem fuel cell stack is required to have a certain amount of humidity. Air, thermal and water management for pem fuel cell. In the utc design, the bipolar plate is porous and has internal water channels for cooling and water. Modeling of pem fuel cell stacks with hydraulic network approach j. They employ fundamental models for their condenser and heat exchangers and also have detailed pump models that model the energy consumption of the pumps. Hydrogenoxygen fuel cells were successfully utilized in the field of space applications to provide electric energy and potable water in humanrated space mission since the 1960s. Key laboratory of thermofluid science and engineering of moe, school of energy and power engineering, xian jiaotong university, xian, china.

The five most common technologies are polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells pem fuel cells or pemfcs, alkaline fuel cells afcs, phosphoric acid fuel cells pafcs, molten carbonate. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells, water transport, electroosmotic drag, water di. Comprehensive guide covers all aspects of pem fuel cells, from theory and fundamentals to practical applications provides solutions to heat and water management problems engineers must face when designing and implementing pem fuel cells in systems hundreds of original illustrations, reallife engineering examples, and endofchapter problems. Polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells hold great promise as a potential alternative to conventional fossilfuelpowered energy sources. Water management studies in pem fuel cells, part i. Protonexchange membrane fuel cells, also known as polymer electrolyte membrane pem. Pem fuel cell balance of plant bop components, such as air, thermal, and water management subsystems, can have a significant effect on the overall system performance, but have traditionally not been addressed in research and development efforts. K fuel cells water management for fuel cell water and thermal management. Sung chan cho polymer electrolyte membrane pem fuel cells, which convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen fuel directly and efficiently to electrical energy with water as the only byproduct, have the. Various numerical models developed to illustrate the multiphase flow and transport in the fuel cell.

The possibility of implementing fuel cell technology in unmanned aerial vehicle uav propulsion systems is considered. Li department of mechanical engineering, university of waterloo, canada. This study has been driven by the dearth of public literature on water and thermal management in automotive fuel cell systems. In this study, five vapor chambers as heat spreaders are integrated into a 10cell aircooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack to improve the thermal management of the stack. Pem fuel cells use a proton conductive polymer membrane as electrolyte.

Gaswater and heat management of pembased fuel cell and. However, they produce waste heat, and the water used in their system must be carefully controlled and monitored. Proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells are promising powergeneration sources for mobile and stationary applications. Heat removal and proper thermal management are critical design and operating issues in fuel cells. This two or threedimensional model also combines electrochemical, thermodynamic and fluid dynamic equations.

Water management is critical for wellfunctioning of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells pemfc. The reforming process needs water and air and thermal management. Pem fuel cells, distributed parameter modelling and simulation, model. Thermal management issues in a pemfc stack a brief. Development and experimental validation of a dynamic. Pem fuel cells are excellent candidates for transportation applications due to their high efficiencies. Pdf nonuniform consumptions of oxygen and hydrogen in pem fuel cells cause nonuniform current distribution and reduce the output. These components are part of the integrated fuel cell power system and affect the following doe targets. Proton exchange membrane pem based fuel cells, which provide high powerenergy densities, were reconsidered as a promising space power equipment for future space exploration. How to progress on low temperature pem fuel cells outlook, challenges, future research directions and needs. View homework help fuel cell fundamentalssolutions. As a result, over 80% of fuel cells being produced today are pem cells. Current and temperature distributions in a pem fuel cell. Two humidification devices have been downselected and are being evaluated to.